Different energy sources supply us with the power we need to live and work. These include wind, solar geothermal, biomass, as well as geothermal sources. In addition to being an important source of electricity, these sources are also used for transportation and heating. The biggest issue with these sources of energy is that they can cause greenhouse gas emissions when burned to generate electricity. This creates the need for more sustainable sources of energy.
The most commonly used type of energy is fossil fuels, comprised of coal, oil, and natural gas. They were created thousands of years ago when prehistoric animals and plants died and were then buried under layers of sedimentary rocks. In the right conditions they were gradually transformed into carbon-rich substances which, when ignited create energy. These fossil fuels are not renewable since they will exhaust in our lifetimes, or in many lives.
Renewable energy sources are constantly replenished. The sun is the main source of renewable energy, because it is a source of heat and light. We use it to power our homes as well as for businesses and automobiles. Wind is a different renewable energy source, which generates electricity through spinning turbines. We have been using it since we first discovered how to harvest the wind for millennia. Finally, we use biological processes to produce the ethanol (a clear alcohol that can be used to fuel) from waste and crop residues.
Hydropower is the largest renewable energy source in America, but wind and biofuels will soon overtake it. Hydropower draws on nature’s hydro cycle to harness the power of swiftly flowing water, which is used for electricity generation.
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